Sepsis was previously defined as a blood-borne bacterial infection. It has recently been redefined as the systemic inflammatory response to any type of infectious organism, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, parasites, and protozoa. Sepsis is a very serious condition in cats that has a mortality rate ranging from 29% to 79%. The objective of this study was to compare clinical findings and inflammatory mediator production among cats with sepsis, cats with non-infectious systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), and healthy cats. The findings determined that the mortality rate was higher in cats with sepsis than for cats with noninfectious SIRS, but not significantly so. Cats with sepsis were more likely to have band cells and hypoalbuminemia than were cats with noninfectious SIRS. In addition, cats with sepsis had significantly greater plasma tumor necrosis factor activity and more likely to have detectible levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) than were cats with noninfectious SIRS or healthy cats. The number of SIRS criteria fulfilled did not predict outcome. Plasma interleukin-1β activity and IL-6 as well as decreased chloride concentrations may be useful prognostic biomarkers for sepsis in cats. [VT]
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